Which of the following types of apraxia is associated with an inability to perform a movement on command?

• A. Ideational apraxia
• B. Phonatory apraxia
• C. Ideomotor apraxia
• D. Verbal apraxia

Answer: (C)

Ideomotor apraxia is characterized by the inability to perform purposeful movements on command, despite having the desire and the physical capability to do so. Individuals with ideomotor apraxia can often carry out the movements involuntarily or in natural situations, but they struggle when asked to do so intentionally. This type often arises from damage to the brain areas responsible for the planning and execution of motor functions, making it difficult for individuals to translate their cognitive intentions into actual movements.

In contrast, ideational apraxia involves a more profound disconnect where individuals cannot carry out a sequence of actions or maintain the intent behind those actions, even when prompted. Phonatory apraxia specifically affects the production of speech sounds, making it difficult to coordinate the movements necessary for speech. Verbal apraxia also relates to difficulties in coordinating speech movements but focuses more on issues with the articulation of words. In this context, ideomotor apraxia is uniquely tied to movement command execution, making it the correct choice.